The Naval Museum has an important collection of coins and medals covering a wide period from Roman times to the present day. Its assorted topics and diverse origins make it an outstanding collection with unique items of great historical value.

The medals section brings together historical medals of great artistic and iconographic value. Chronologically, the collection spans from 1519, the time of Charles I, to the reign of Alphonse XIII. Thematically, some of them are medals of loyal service and others commemorated treaties, naval actions and maritime events of the most diverse nature. These include a set of medals of Charles V, such as the one minted in Nuremberg on the occasion of his appointment as Emperor, a medal commemorating the United Provinces in 1668, or those related to the siege of Cartagena de Indias, which show Blas de Lezo surrendering to the English Admiral Vernon, minted before the confrontation in which the English were defeated.

The numismatic section comprises a series of coins spanning a wide chronological range: from the Roman-Republican and Imperial periods to the present day. These include a Moroccan felus, Burmese rupees, the coats of arms of John of Castile and Charles V, two coats of arms of Philip IV, 17th-century coins from the mints of Peru, a half dollar commemorating the Chicago World's Fair of 1893, and a George V penny from the South African War of 1936.